3.2 NFPA Official Definitions.
3.2.1* Approved. Acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction
3.2.2* Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ). An organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure.
3.2.3* Listed. Equipment, materials, or services included in a list published by an organization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction and concerned with evaluation of products or services, that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment or materials or periodic evaluation of services, and whose listing states that either the equipment, material, or service meets appropriate designated standards or has been tested and found suitable for a specified purpose.
3.2.4 Shall. Indicates a mandatory requirement.
3.2.5 Should. Indicates a recommendation or that which is advised but not required.
3.2.6 Standard. A document, the main text of which contains only mandatory provisions using the word “shall” to indicate requirements and which is in a form generally suitable for mandatory reference by another standard or code or for adoption into law. Nonmandatory provisions shall be located in an appendix or annex, footnote, or fine-print note and are not to be considered a part of the requirements of a standard.
3.3 General Definitions.
3.3.1 Branch Line. A piping system, generally in a horizontal plane, connecting not more than one hose connection with a standpipe.
3.3.2 Connection.
3.3.2.1 Fire Department Connection.
3.3.2.1.1 Fire Department Connection. For automatic standpipe systems, a connection through which the fire department can pump the secondary water supply to an automatic standpipe system at the required system demand. Supplemental water can also be provided into the sprinkler system or other system furnishing water for fire extinguishment to supplement existing water supplies.
3.3.2.1.2 Fire Department Connection. For manual standpipe systems, a connection through which the fire department can pump the primary water supply to a manual standpipe system at the required system demand.
3.3.2.2 Hose Connection. Acombination of equipment provided for connection of a hose to the standpipe system that includes a hose valve with a threaded outlet.
3.3.3 Exit.
3.3.3.1 Exit Passageway. Hallways, corridors, passages, or tunnels used as exit components and separated from other parts of the building in accordance with NFPA 101, Life Safety Code.
3.3.3.2 Horizontal Exit. A way of passage from one building to an area of refuge in another building on approximately the same level, or a way of passage through or around a fire barrier to an area of refuge on approximately the same level in the same building that affords safety from fire and smoke originating from the area of incidence and areas communicating therewith. [101, 2009]
3.3.4 Fire Department. An organization providing rescue, fire suppression, and related activities, including any public, governmental, private, industrial, or military organization engaging in this type of activity. [1002, 2009]
3.3.5 High-Rise Building. A building where the floor of an occupiable story is greater than 75 ft (23 m) above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access. [5000, 2009]
3.3.6 Hose Station. A combination of a hose rack, hose nozzle, hose, and hose connection.
3.3.7 Main.
3.3.7.1 Express Main. A pipe supplying the upper zone of a standpipe system. An express main does not supply any portion of a low zone standpipe system.
3.3.7.2 Feed Main. The portion of a standpipe system that supplies water to one or more standpipes.
3.3.8 Pressure.
3.3.8.1 Nozzle Pressure. Pressure required at the inlet of a nozzle to produce the desired water discharge characteristics.
3.3.8.2 Residual Pressure. For standpipe systems, pressure acting on a point in the system with a flow being delivered.
3.3.8.3 Static Pressure. For standpipe systems, pressure acting on a point in the system with no flow from the system.
3.3.9* Pressure-Regulating Device. A device designed for the purpose of reducing, regulating, controlling, or restricting water pressure.
3.3.9.1 Pressure-Restricting Device. A valve or device designed for the purpose of reducing the downstream water pressure under flowing (residual) conditions only.
3.3.9.2 Pressure Control Valve. A pilot-operated pressurereducing valve designed for the purpose of reducing the downstream water pressure to a specific value under both flowing (residual) and nonflowing (static) conditions.
3.3.9.3* Pressure-Reducing Valve. A valve designed for the purpose of reducing the downstream water pressure under both flowing (residual) and nonflowing (static) conditions.
3.3.10 Rated Capacity. The flow available from a device, at the designated residual pressure either measured or calculated.
3.3.11 Standpipe. The system piping that delivers the water supply for hose connections, and for sprinklers on combined systems, vertically from floor to floor.
3.3.11.1 Horizontal Standpipe. The horizontal portion of the system piping that delivers the water supply for two or more hose connections, and for sprinklers on combined systems, on a single level.
3.3.12* Standpipe System. An arrangement of piping, valves, hose connections, and allied equipment installed in a building or structure, with the hose connections located in such a manner that water can be discharged in streams or spray patterns through attached hose and nozzles, for the purpose of extinguishing a fire, thereby protecting a building or structure and its contents in addition to protecting the occupants.
3.3.12.1 Automatic Dry Standpipe System. A standpipe system permanently attached to a water supply capable of supplying the system demand at all times, containing air or nitrogen under pressure, the release of which (as from opening a hose valve) opens a dry pipe valve to allow water to flow into the piping system and out of the opened hose valve.
3.3.12.2 Automatic Wet Standpipe System. A standpipe systemcontaining water at all times that is attached to a water supply capable of supplying the system demand at all times and that requires no action other than opening a hose valve to provide water at hose connections.
3.3.12.3 Combined System. A standpipe system that supplies both hose connections and automatic sprinklers.
3.3.12.4 Manual Dry Standpipe System. A standpipe system with no permanently attached water supply that relies exclusively on the fire department connection to supply the system demand.
3.3.12.5 Manual Wet Standpipe System. A standpipe system containing water at all times that relies exclusively on the fire department connection to supply the system demand.
3.3.12.6 Semiautomatic Dry Standpipe System. A standpipe system permanently attached to a water supply that is capable of supplying the system demand at all times arranged through the use of a device such as a deluge valve and that requires activation of a remote control device to provide water at hose connections.
3.3.12.7 Wet Standpipe System. A standpipe system having piping containing water at all times.
3.3.13 Standpipe System Zone. A vertical subdivision of a standpipe system limited or determined by the pressure limitations of the system components.
3.3.14* System Classes.
3.3.14.1 Class I System. A system that provides 21⁄2 in. (65 mm) hose connections to supply water for use by fire departments.
3.3.14.2 Class II System. A system that provides 11⁄2 in. (40 mm) hose stations to supply water for use primarily by trained personnel or by the fire department during initial response.
3.3.14.3 Class III System. A system that provides 11⁄2 in. (40 mm) hose stations to supply water for use by trained personnel and 21⁄2 in. (65 mm) hose connections to supply a larger volume of water for use by fire departments.
3.3.15 System Demand. The flow rate and residual pressure required from a water supply, measured at the point of connection of a water supply to a standpipe system, to deliver the total waterflow rate and the minimum residual pressures required for a standpipe system at the hydraulically most remote hose, and the minimum waterflow rate for sprinkler connections on combined systems.
3.3.16 Valve.
3.3.16.1 Control Valve. A valve controlling flow to waterbased fire protection systems. Control valves do not include hose valves, inspector’s test valves, drain valves, trim valves for dry pipe, preaction and deluge valves, check valves, or relief valves. [25, 2008]
3.3.16.2 Hose Valve. The valve to an individual hose connection.