4.1.3 Components that do not affect system performance, such as drain piping, drain valves, and signs, shall not be requiredto be listed.

4.2 Pipe and Tube.

4.2.1 Pipe or tube used in standpipe systems shall meet or exceed one of the standards in Table 4.2.1 or shall be in accordancewith 4.2.2 through 4.2.6.

4.2.2 Where ductile iron pipe is installed in accordance with Table 4.2.1, it shall be lined in accordance with AWWA C104, Cement-Mortar Lining for Ductile-Iron Pipe and Fittings.

4.2.3 Where steel pipe specified in Table 4.2.1 is used and joined by welding as specified in Section 4.4 or by roll-grooved pipe and fittings as specified in Section 4.4, the minimum nominal wall thickness for pressures up to 300 psi (20.7 bar) shall be in accordance with Schedule 10 for pipe sizes up to 5 in. (127 mm), 0.134 in. (3.40 mm) for 6 in. (150 mm) pipe, and 0.188 in. (4.78 mm) for 8 in. and 10 in. (203 mm and 254 mm) pipe.

4.2.3.1 Pressure limitations and wall thickness for steel pipe listed in accordance with 4.2.6 shall be in accordance with the listing requirements.

4.2.4 Where steel pipe specified in Table 4.2.1 is joined by threaded fittings as specified in Section 4.4 or by fittings used with pipe having cut grooves, the minimum wall thickness shall be in accordance with Schedule 30 [sizes 8 in. (203 mm) and larger] or Schedule 40 [sizes less than 8 in. (203 mm)] pipe for pressures up to 300 psi (20.7 bar).

4.2.4.1 Pressure limitations and wall thicknesses for steel pipe specially listed in accordance with 4.2.6 shall be in accordance with the listing requirements.

4.2.5 Copper tube as specified in the standards referenced in Table 4.2.1 shall have a wall thickness of Type K, L, orMwhere used in standpipe systems.

4.2.6 Other types of pipe or tube investigated for use in standpipe installations and listed for this service, including, but not limited to, steel differing from that provided in Table 4.2.1, shall be permitted where installed in accordance with their listing limitations, including installation instructions.

4.2.6.1 Pipe or tube shall not be listed for portions of an occupancy classification.

4.2.7 Bending of Pipe and Tube.

4.2.7.1 Bending of Schedule 40 steel pipe and Types K and L copper tube shall be permitted where bends are made with no kinks, ripples, distortions, reductions in diameter, or any noticeable deviations from a round shape.

4.2.7.2 The minimum radius of a bend shall be six pipe diameters for pipe sizes 2 in. (50 mm) and smaller, and five pipe diameters for pipe sizes 21⁄2 in. (65 mm) and larger.

4.3 Fittings.

4.3.1 Fittings used in standpipe systems shall meet or exceed the standards in Table 4.3.1 or shall be in accordance with 4.3.2.

Table 4.3.1 Fittings Materials and Dimensions

4.3.2 Other types of fittings investigated for suitability in standpipe installations and listed for this service, including, but not limited to, steel differing from that provided in Table 4.3.1, shall be permitted where installed in accordance with their listing limitations, including installation instructions.

4.3.3 Fittings shall be extra-heavy pattern where pressures exceed 175 psi (12.1 bar).

4.3.3.1 Standard weight pattern cast-iron fittings 2 in. (50 mm) in size and smaller shall be permitted where pressures do not exceed 300 psi (20.7 bar).

4.3.3.2 Standard weight pattern malleable-iron fittings 150mm (6 in.) in size and smaller shall be permitted where pressures do not exceed 300 psi (20.7 bar).

4.3.3.3 Fittings shall be permitted for system pressures up to the limits specified in their listings.

4.3.4 Screwed unions shall not be used on pipe larger than 2 in. (50 mm).

4.3.4.1 Couplings and unions of other than the screwed type shall be of the types listed specifically for use in standpipe systems.

4.3.5 A one-piece reducing fitting shall be used wherever a change is made in the size of the pipe.

4.3.5.1 Hexagonal or face bushings shall be permitted for reducing the size of openings of fittings where standard fittings of the required size are not available.
4.4 Joining of Pipe and Fittings.

4.4.1 Threaded Pipe and Fittings.

4.4.1.1 All threaded pipe and fittings shall have threads cut to ASME B1.20.1, Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch). [13:6.5.1.1]

4.4.1.2* Steel pipe with wall thicknesses less than Schedule 30 [in sizes 8 in. (200 mm) and larger] or Schedule 40 [in sizes less than 8 in. (200 mm)] shall only be permitted to be joined by threaded fittings where the threaded assembly is investigated for suitability in automatic sprinkler installations and listed for this service. [13:6.5.1.2]

4.4.1.3 Joint compound or tape shall be applied only to male threads. [13:6.5.1.3]

4.4.2 Welded Pipe and Fittings.

4.4.2.1 General.

4.4.2.1.1 Welding shall be permitted as a means of joining standpipe piping in accordance with 4.4.2.2 through 4.4.2.6.

4.4.2.2* Fabrication.

4.4.2.2.1 When standpipe piping is welded, the pipe shall be shop-welded unless the requirements of 4.4.2.2 or 4.4.2.6 are met.

4.4.2.2.2 Where the design specifications require any part of the piping system to be welded in place, welding of standpipe piping shall be permitted where the welding process is performed in accordance with NFPA 51B, Standard for Fire Prevention During Welding, Cutting, and Other Hot Work.

4.4.2.2.3 Tabs for longitudinal earthquake bracing shall be permitted to be welded to in-place piping where the welding process is performed in accordance with NFPA 51B, Standard for Fire Prevention During Welding, Cutting, and Other Hot Work. [13:6.5.2.2.3]

4.4.2.2.4 Welding shall not be performed where there is impingement of rain, snow, sleet, or high wind on the weld area of the pipe product. [13:6.5.2.2.4]

4.4.2.2.5 Torch cutting and welding shall not be permitted as a means of modifying or repairing standpipe systems.

4.4.2.3 Fittings.

4.4.2.3.1* Welded fittings used to join pipe shall be listed fabricated fittings or manufactured in accordance with Table 4.3.1. [13:6.5.2.3.1]

4.4.2.3.2 Fittings referenced in 4.4.2.3.1 shall be joined in conformance with a qualified welding procedure as set forth in this section and shall be an acceptable product under this standard, provided that materials and wall thickness are compatible with other sections of this standard. [13:6.5.2.3.2]

4.4.2.3.3 Fittings shall not be required where pipe ends are buttwelded in accordance with the requirements of 4.4.2.4.2. [13:6.5.2.3.3]

4.4.2.3.4 When the pipe size in a run of piping is reduced, a reducing fitting designed for that purpose shall be used in accordance with the requirements of 4.4.2.3.1. [13:6.5.2.3.4]

4.4.2.4 Welding Requirements.

4.4.2.4.1*Welds between pipe and welding outlet fittings shall be permitted to be attached by full penetration welds, partial penetration groove welds, or fillet welds. The minimum throat thickness shall be not less than the thickness of the pipe, the thickness of the welding fitting, or 3⁄16 in. (4.8 mm), whichever is least. [13:6.5.2.4.1]

4.4.2.4.2* Circumferential butt joints shall be cut, beveled, and fit so that full penetration is achievable. Full penetration welding shall not be required. [13:6.5.2.4.2]

4.4.2.4.3 Where slip-on flanges are welded to pipe with a single fillet weld, the weld shall be on the hub side of the flange and the minimum throat weld thickness shall not be less than 1.25 times the pipe wall thickness or the hub thickness, whichever is less. [13:6.5.2.4.3]

4.4.2.4.4 Face welds on the internal face of the flange shall be permitted as a water seal in addition to the hub weld required in 4.4.2.4.3. [13:6.5.2.4.4]

4.4.2.4.5 Tabs for longitudinal earthquake bracing shall have minimum throat weld thickness not less than 1.25 times the pipe wall thickness and welded on both sides of the longest dimension. [13:6.5.2.4.5]

4.4.2.4.6 When welding is performed, the following shall apply:
 (1) Holes in piping for outlets shall be cut to the full inside diameter of fittings prior to welding in place of the fittings.
 (2) Discs shall be retrieved.
 (3) Openings cut into piping shall be smooth bore, and all internal slag and welding residue shall be removed.
 (4) Fittings shall not penetrate the internal diameter of the piping.
 (5) Steel plates shall not be welded to the ends of piping or fittings.
 (6) Fittings shall not be modified.
 (7) Nuts, clips, eye rods, angle brackets, or other fasteners shall not be welded to pipe or fittings, except as permitted in 4.4.2.2.3 and 4.4.2.4.5.
 (8) Completed welds shall be free from cracks, incomplete fusion, surface porosity greater than 1⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) diameter, and undercut deeper than 25 percent of the wall thickness or 1⁄32 in. (0.8 mm),         whichever is less.
 (9) Completed circumferential butt weld reinforcement shall not exceed 3⁄32 in. (2.4 mm). [13:6.5.2.4.6]

4.4.2.5 Qualifications.

4.4.2.5.1 A welding procedure shall be prepared and qualified by the contractor or fabricator before any welding is done. [13:6.5.2.5.1]

4.4.2.5.2 Qualification of the welding procedure to be used and the performance of all welders and welding operators shall be required and shall meet or exceed the requirements of AWS B2.1, Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification, ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, Welding and Brazing Qualifications, or other applicable qualification standard as required by the authority having jurisdiction, except as permitted by 4.4.2.5.3. [13:6.5.2.5.2]

4.4.2.5.3 Successful procedure qualification of complete joint penetration groove welds shall qualify partial joint penetration (groove/fillet) welds and fillet welds in accordance with the provisions of this standard.[13:6.5.2.5.3]

4.4.2.5.4 Welding procedures qualified under standards recognized by previous editions of this standard shall be permitted to be continued in use. [13:6.5.2.5.4]

4.4.2.5.5 Contractors or fabricators shall be responsible for all welding they produce. [13:6.5.2.5.5]

4.4.2.5.6 Each contractor or fabricator shall have available to the authority having jurisdiction an established written quality assurance procedure ensuring compliance with the requirements of 4.4.2.4. [13:6.5.2.5.6]

4.4.2.6 Records.

4.4.2.6.1 Welders or welding machine operators shall, upon completion of each welded pipe, place their identifiable mark or label onto each piece adjacent to a weld. [13:6.5.2.6.1]

4.4.2.6.2 Contractors or fabricators shall maintain certified records, which shall be available to the authority having jurisdiction, of the procedures used and the welders or welding machine operators employed by them, along with their welding identification. [13:6.5.2.6.2]

4.4.2.6.3 Records shall show the date and the results of procedure and performance qualifications. [13:6.5.2.6.3]

4.4.3 Groove Joining Methods.

4.4.3.1 Pipe joined with grooved fittings shall be joined by a listed combination of fittings, gaskets, and grooves. [13:6.5.3.1]

4.4.3.2 Grooves cut or rolled on pipe shall be dimensionally compatible with the fittings. [13:6.5.3.2]

4.4.3.3 Grooved fittings, including gaskets used on dry-pipe, preaction, and deluge systems, shall be listed for dry pipe service. [13:6.5.3.3]

4.4.4* Brazed Joints.

4.4.4.1 Joints for the connection of copper tube shall be brazed.

4.4.4.2 Brazing fluxes, if used, shall not be of a highly corrosive type. [13:6.5.4.6]

4.4.5 Other Joining Methods.

4.4.5.1 Other joining methods investigated for suitability in automatic sprinkler installations and listed for this service shall be permitted where installed in accordance with their listing limitations, including installation instructions. [13:6.5.5.1]

4.4.5.2 Outlet Fittings. Rubber-gasketed outlet fittings that are used on standpipe systems shall meet the following requirements:
(1) Be installed in accordance with the listing and manufacturer’s installation instructions
(2) Have all disks retrieved
(3) Have smooth bores cut into the pipe, with all cutting residue removed
(4) Not be modified

4.4.6 End Treatment.

4.4.6.1 After cutting, pipe ends shall have burrs and fins removed. [13:6.5.6.1]

4.4.6.2 Pipe used with listed fittings and its end treatment shall be in accordance with the fitting manufacturer’s installation instructions and the fitting’s listing. [13:6.5.6.2]

4.5 Valves.

4.5.1 All valves controlling connections to water supplies and standpipes shall be listed indicating valves.

4.5.1.1 A listed underground gate valve equipped with a listed indicator post shall be permitted.

4.5.1.2 A listed water control valve assembly with a position indicator connected to a remote supervisory station shall be permitted.

4.5.1.3 A nonindicating valve, such as an underground gate valve with approved roadway box complete with T-wrench, acceptable to AHJ, shall be permitted.

4.5.2 Such valves shall not close in less than 5 seconds when operated at maximum possible speed from the fully open position.

4.6 Hose Stations.

4.6.1 Closets and Cabinets.

4.6.1.1 Closets and cabinets used to contain fire hose shall be of a size to allow the installation of the necessary equipment at hose stations and designed so they do not interfere with the prompt use of the hose connection, the hose, and other equipment at the time of fire.

4.6.1.1.1 Within the cabinet, the hose connections shall be located so that there is at least 1 in. (25.4 mm) between any part of the cabinet and the handle of the valve when the valve is in any position ranging from fully open to fully closed.

4.6.1.1.2 The cabinet shall be used for fire equipment only, and each cabinet shall be conspicuously identified.

4.6.1.2 Where a “break glass”–type protective cover for a latching device is provided, the device provided to break the glass panel shall be attached in the immediate area of the break glass panel and shall be arranged so that the device cannot be used to break other glass panels in the cabinet door.

4.6.1.2.1 All glazing shall be either tempered safety glass or plastic glazing in accordance with ANSI Z97.1, Safety Glazing Materials Used in Buildings—Safety Performance Specifications and Methods of Test.

4.6.1.3 Where a fire-resistive assembly is penetrated by a cabinet, the fire resistance of the assembly shall be maintained as required by the local building code.

4.6.1.4 Hose cabinets shall be marked to indicate the contents.

4.6.2 Hose.

4.6.2.1* Each hose connection provided for use by trained personnel (Class II and Class III systems) shall be equipped with not more than 100 ft (30.5 m) of listed, 11⁄2 in. (40 mm), lined, collapsible or noncollapsible fire hose attached and ready for use.

4.6.2.2 Where hose less than 11⁄2 in. (40 mm) is used for 11⁄2 in. (40 mm) hose stations in accordance with 5.3.2 and 5.3.3, listed noncollapsible hose shall be used.

4.6.3 Hose Racks.

4.6.3.1 Each 11⁄2 in. (40 mm) hose station provided with 11⁄2 in. (40 mm) hose shall be equipped with a listed rack or approved storage method.

4.6.3.2 Each 11⁄2 in. (40 mm) hose station provided with hose less than 11⁄2 in. (40 mm) in accordance with 5.3.2 and 5.3.3 shall be equipped with a listed continuous flow reel.

4.6.4 Nozzles. Nozzles provided for Class II service shall be listed.

4.6.5* Label. Each rack or storage facility for 11⁄2 in. (40 mm) or smaller hose shall be provided with a label that includes the wording “fire hose for use by trained personnel” and operating instructions.

4.7 Hose Connections.

4.7.1 Hose valves shall be listed.

4.7.2 Hose connections shall have external National Hose Standard (NHS) threads, for the valve size specified, in accordance with NFPA 1963, Standard for Fire Hose Connections.

4.7.3 Hose connections shall be equipped with caps to protect the hose threads.

4.7.4 Where local fire department hose threads do not conform to NFPA 1963, Standard for Fire Hose Connections, the AHJ shall designate the hose threads that shall be used.

4.8 Fire Department Connections. (See Figure A.6.4.)

4.8.1 Fire department connections shall be listed for a working pressure equal to or greater than the pressure requirement of the system demand.

4.8.2 Each fire department connection shall have at least two 21⁄2 in. (65 mm) internal threaded swivel fittings having NHS threads, as specified in NFPA 1963, Standard for Fire Hose Connections. (See Sections 7.7 and 7.12 for design requirements.)

4.8.2.1 Fire department connections shall be equipped with caps to protect the system from the entry of debris.

4.8.2.2 Where the local fire department uses fittings that differ from those specified, fittings compatible with local fire department equipment shall be used and their minimum size shall be 21⁄2 in. (65 mm).

4.9 Pressure-Regulating Devices. Pressure-regulating devices shall be listed.

4.10 Signs. Signs shall be permanently marked and shall be constructed of weather-resistant metal or rigid plastic materials.